Six Sigma is a business management strategy, originally developed by Motorola, that today enjoys widespread application in many sectors of industry. Several 6 sigma tools can be implemented.
Six Sigma seeks to identify and remove the causes of defects and errors in manufacturing and business processes. It uses a set of quality management methods (6 sigma tools), including statistical methods, and creates a special infrastructure of people within the organization ("Black Belts" etc.) who are experts in these methods.
Each Six Sigma project carried out within an organization follows a defined sequence of steps and has quantified financial targets (cost reduction or profit increase).
Intro to 6 Sigma Tools
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Methodology
Six Sigma has two key methodologies:
DMAIC and DMADV, both inspired by Deming's Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle. DMAIC is used to improve an existing business process; DMADV is used to create new product or process designs.
DMAIC
The basic methodology consists of the following five steps:
Define process improvement goals that are consistent with customer demands and the enterprise strategy.
Measure key aspects of the current process and collect relevant data.
Analyze the data to verify cause-and-effect relationships. Determine what the relationships are, and attempt to ensure that all factors have been considered.
Improve or optimize the process based upon data analysis using techniques like Design of Experiments.
Control to ensure that any deviations from target are corrected before they result in defects.
Set up pilot runs to establish process capability, move on to production, set up control mechanisms and continuously monitor the process.